| Word | Reading | Meaning |
| 猿 | さる, まし, ましら | monkey (esp. the Japanese macaque, Macaca fuscata); sly person; sliding wooden bolt (for holding a door or window shut); clasp used to control the height of a pot-hook; bathhouse prostitute |
| 猿人 | えんじん | ape man |
| 犬猿の仲 | けんえんのなか | loggerheads (lit: dog and monkey), like cats and dogs |
| 類人猿 | るいじんえん | anthropoid, troglodyte |
| 猿ぐつわをかます | さるぐつわをかます | to gag someone |
| 猿ぐつわ | さるぐつわ | (mouth) gag |
| 猿まね | さるまね | indiscriminate imitation (lit: monkey imitator), monkey see, monkey do, blind follower |
| オス猿 | おすざる, オスざる | male monkey |
| 意馬心猿 | いばしんえん | (being unable to control) one's worldly desires and passions |
| 猿轡をかます | さるぐつわをかます | to gag someone |